Surgical and Oncologic Outcomes of Radical Abdominal Trachelectomy Versus Hysterectomy for Stage IA2-IB1 Cervical Cancer

Study Objective: To compare the surgical and oncologic outcomes between abdominal radical trachelectomy (ART) and radical hysterectomy (RH) for stage IA2-IB1 cervical cancer.Design: A retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).Setting: Shandong Cancer Hospital, Shandong, China.Patients: Three hundred twenty-nine patients with IA2-IB1 cervical cancer.Interventions: All patients underwent ART or RH.Measurements and Main Results: All patients were divided into ART (n?=?143) and RH (n?=?186) groups according to the surgical approach. Additionally, oncologic and fertility outcomes were compared for different tumor pathologies and sizes in ART patients. The ART group had similar case characteristics as the RH group, except that the ART group had a longer surgical time. During a similar follow-up period, there were 4 (2.9%) recurrences and 3 (2.2%) patients who died from recurrence in the ART group compared with 8 (4.6%) recurrences and 4 (2.3%) patients who died from recurrence in the RH group (p?=?.444 and p?=?.999, respectively). In the ART group, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients had a 5-year overall survival and pregnancy rate similar to those of non-SCC patients (98.1% vs 96.8%, p?=?.999; 33.3% vs 26.7%, p?=?.873), and patients with tumors ≤2 cm and 2 to 4 cm experienced a similar 5-year overall survival rate (97.0% vs 98.6%, p?=?.999), except patients with tumors ≤2 cm had a higher pregnancy rate (45.2% vs 17.2%, p?=?.020).Conclusion: ART seems to have similar surgical and oncologic outcomes to RH, except ART has a longer surgical time. Both non-SCC patients and stage IA2-IB1 patients with 2- to 4-cm tumors can undergo ART safely. Patients with tumors ≤2 cm have a higher pregnancy rate than patients with 2- to 4-cm tumors.     

全胃切除后消化道重建方式的比较

目的探讨全胃切除术合理的消化道重建方式。方法对76例胃癌患者全胃切除术分别采用食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合法、Lahey Braun吻合法、P型空肠袢代胃三种不同方法进行消化道重建,对其手术时间、并发症、术后饮食状况和消化道症状及营养指标进行对比观察。结果3种术式手术死亡率、术后1年的营养状况、倾倒综合征发生率比较无统计学意义。但食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合、P型空肠袢代胃术后均能有效防止反流性食管炎,优于Lahey Braun吻合,食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合操作简单、手术时间短、并发症也较少。结论食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合、P型空肠袢代胃术是全胃切除后消化道重建较为合适的方法。     

Nutritional Status and Related Factors in Patients with Gastric Cancer after Gastrectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Patients after gastrectomy for gastric cancer are at risk of malnutrition, and poor nutritional status negatively affects patients’ clinical outcomes. Knowledge of the factors influencing patients’ nutritional status can inform interventions for improving patients’ nutrition. A cross-sectional study was conducted to describe nutritional status and related factors in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy. A convenience sample of gastric cancer patients with gastrectomy was recruited from general surgery or oncology clinics of a medical center in northern Taiwan. Data were collected with self-reported questionnaires, including the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy—Gastric Module version 4, the Concerns in Meal Preparation scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini Nutrition Assessment. One hundred and one gastric cancer patients participated in the study. There were 81 cases of subtotal gastrectomy and 20 cases of total gastrectomy. Most patients (52.5%) were malnourished or at risk. Linear regression showed that symptom severity (β = −0.43), employment status (β = 0.19), and difficulty in diet preparation (β = −0.21) were significant predictors of nutritional status. Together, these three variables explained 35.8% of the variance in patient nutritional status (F = 20.3, p < 0.001). More than 50% of our participants were malnourished or at risk for malnutrition, indicating a need for continued monitoring and support after discharge from hospitals. Special attention should be given to patients with severe symptoms, unemployment, and difficulties in diet preparation.     

Efficacy analysis of Cheng’s GIRAFFE reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction

ObjectiveReconstruction of the digestive tract for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) is in dispute. This study evaluated Cheng’s gastric tube interposition esophagogastrostomy with reconstruction of His angle and fundus (Cheng’s GIRAFFE anastomosis) in laparoscopic/open proximal gastrectomy for Siewert type II AEG, which was performed at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Here, we discuss the preliminary results of gastric emptying and anti-reflux.MethodsFrom a retrospective database, 74 patients with advanced Siewert type II AEG underwent curative proximal gastrectomy with GIRAFFE anastomosis, and their gastric emptying and anti-reflux outcomes were evaluated by the Reflux Disease Questionnaire (RDQ) score, nuclide gastric emptying, 24-h impedance-pH monitoring and gastroscopy.ResultsSeventy-four patients successfully completed proximal partial gastrectomy with Cheng’s GIRAFFE esophagogastric anastomosis. RDQ score six months after the operation was 2.2±2.5. Results of nuclide gastric emptying examinations showed that the gastric half-emptying time was 67.0±21.5 min, the 1-h residual rate was (52.2±7.7)%, the 2-h residual rate was (36.4±5.1)%, and the 3-h residual rate was (28.8±3.6)%; 24-h impedance-pH monitoring revealed that the mean DeMeester score was 5.8±2.9. Reflux esophagitis was observed by gastroscopy in 7 patients six months after surgery.ConclusionsCheng’s GIRAFFE anastomosis is safe and feasible for Siewert type II AEG.     

腹腔镜下膀胱癌根治术中完全腹膜外经皮输尿管造口术

目的 介绍一种腹腔镜下膀胱癌根治术中,完全腹膜外输尿管造口新技术,评价其治疗一例T₄期高级别膀胱浸润性尿路上皮癌患者的疗效。方法 以1例75岁男性高级别膀胱浸润性尿路上皮癌(T₄N₀M₀)为例,介绍一种腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除术中,完全腹膜外输尿管造口技术的4个关键步骤,包括游离输尿管(将左侧输尿管游离足够长度)、汇集两根输尿管(腹腔镜下将左侧输尿管经直肠后方拉至右侧)、建立腹膜外通道(游离扩大右侧腹膜外间隙,将两根输尿管从此通道拉出)、腹膜重建。结果 手术共耗时(从消毒铺单开始计时到输尿管造口结束)248 min,出血量100 ml,造口处可见清晰尿液流出,患者术后住院时间8 d。结论 本例输尿管造口术是一种完全腹腔镜下经皮输尿管造口技术的尝试,相较于传统输尿管造口术而言,该术式创伤小,出血量少,术后恢复时间缩短。对于需要永久性尿流改道,但心肺功能差,手术风险高或没有机会做肠道尿流改道的患者,该术式是一种可行且安全的尿流改道方式。     

腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术中非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合的效果观察

目的:探讨非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合在腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术中应用的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2016年5月至2019年10月唐山市协和医院53例经手术治疗的远端胃癌患者的临床资料,手术方式为腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术,吻合方式为非离断式Roux-en-Y吻合29例(非离断组)和Roux-en-Y吻合24例(传统组),...     

门静脉灌注化疗对于延缓Ⅱ期肝癌患者术后肝内复发的意义

背景与目的:肝切除术目前被认为是治疗肝癌最有效的方法.影响肝癌切除术后疗效的主要因素是术后复发.目前国内外学者对于预防肝癌术后复发的治疗措施的选择存在许多争议.本研究目的在于了解术后门静脉灌注化疗在延缓临床Ⅱ期肝癌患者手术后复发方面的作用以及影响术后复发的危险因素.方法:选择2003年2月至2007年2月在新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院行手术治疗的51例经病理检查证实为肝细胞性肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma)的患者,随机分为试验组(手术切除+术后门静脉化疗)和对照组(单纯手术),两组均行根治性手术.比较两组患者的临床资料及术后无瘤生存状况,Kaplan-Meier法比较两组累积无瘤生存率及中位无瘤生存时间:Cox模型分析肿瘤数目、门静脉瘤栓、肝硬化、病理分级以及术后行预防性门静脉化疗等可能影响术后复发的因素,并分析各因素与复发时间之间的关系.结果:对照组患者术后0.5年、1年、2年及3年无瘤生存率分别为44.4%、38.9%、19.4%、14.3%;试验组患者分别为75.4%、61.3%、49.0%、31.5%,两组术后中位无瘤生存时间分别为5.6、15.5个月,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Cox多因素分析结果表明:肿瘤数目、门静脉瘤栓以及预防性门静脉化疗是术后复发的影响因素,其中门静脉化疗可以提高肝癌患者术后1年内的无瘤生存率(P<0.05).结论:对于伴门脉瘤栓或多发肿瘤的Ⅱ期肝癌患者行预防性门静脉化疗可以延缓术后肿瘤复发.     

Synthesis and free radical scavenging activity of coumarin derivatives containing a 2-methylbenzothiazoline motif

Coumarin and benzothiazole scaffolds can be found in a number of natural or synthetic antioxidants. In an effort to develop a novel radical scavenger and potential antioxidant, a series of coumarin derivatives containing 2‐methylbenzothiazoline motif and related compounds was synthesized and evaluated for their DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS^?+ (2,2′‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) radicals scavenging activities. Among them, 7‐hydroxy‐3‐(2‐methyl‐2,3‐dihydrobenzo[d]thiazol‐2‐yl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one ( 3e ) has shown a significant free radical scavenging activity. From the structure–activity point of view, it was found that phenolic coumarin ring and benzothiazoline moiety in target compounds may contribute to the scavenging activity against free radicals.     

腹腔镜对比传统开腹手术对于早期远端胃癌的手术疗效的Meta分析

目的本研究对比分析和评价早期远端胃癌患者行腹腔镜大部切除与传统开腹手术治疗的临床疗效与安全性。方法从Pub-med、EMBASE、中国生物医学数据库(CBM)、以及Cochrane实验注册中心检索2002年7月—2012年7月发表的有关对比腹腔镜手术和开腹手术治疗早期远端胃癌患者的关于近期疗效的文献,由2位胃肠外科医生独立地对入选研究的实验对象特征及实验设计和研究结果等内容进行摘录,并用RevMan 5.0软件进行系统分析。结果经过筛选有7个随机对照试验(ran-domized controlled trials,RCT)共计382例早期胃癌患者纳入系统评价。Meta分析结果指出:与传统开腹手术相比,腹腔镜组术后肠道恢复排气时间短[WMD:-0.70,95%CI:(-81.00,-58.00),P0.001],术后使用镇痛药物次数较少[WMD:-4.77,95%CI:(-6.77,-2.77),P0.000 1],住院时间短[WMD:-1.54,95%CI:(-2.02,-1.06),P0.001],术中清扫淋巴结数目比较开腹手术略少[WMD:-4.19,95%CI:(-6.08,2.29),P0.001],术后并发症腹腔镜组与开腹组之间较低[OR:0.57,95%CI:(0.31,1.03)]。结论腹腔镜早期远端胃手术比较传统开腹手术,在术后有效性及安全性上具有明显优势。     

右美托咪定对腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术后患者早期认知功能障碍的影响

目的观察腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术对患者的早期认知功能障碍的影响和右美托咪定的干预作用。方法随机将80例在本院外科住院,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ拟行腹腔镜下根治术的直肠癌患者分为右美托咪定组（D组）和生理盐水对照组（C组）,在手术前和手术后分别给予持续性泵注右美托咪定和生理盐水,并于术后观察两组患者的早期认知功能变化。结果与手术前相比,D组患者的简易智力状态检查法（MMSE）测试评分无明显改变（P〉0.05）,而C组患者的MMSE测试评分显著降低（P〈0.05）,手术后第1天和第3天D组患者的MMSE测试评分显著优于C组（P〈0.05）,两组患者术后早期认知功能障碍的发生率分别为22.5%和55.0%,C组患者的术后早期认知功能障碍明显高于D组且障碍程度较重（P〈0.05）。结论右美托咪定有利于缓解直肠癌患者在进行腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术后的早期认知功能障碍,在临床上有一定的推广价值。